新中国70年扶贫历程、实践创新及重大意义

70 Years of Poverty Alleviation in New China,Practical Innovation and Significance

新中国成立70年以来,在不同历史时期,由于物质基础、技术条件、国内外环境等差异,我国的扶贫政策呈现出阶段性特征,从新中国成立初期的救济式扶贫到改革开放后的开发式扶贫再到新时代的精准扶贫,党和政府领导全国人民逐渐探索出一条具有中国特色的扶贫开发道路。政府与市场等多主体相结合的开放包容式扶贫,因地施策的综合开发式扶贫,区域瞄准与村户瞄准相结合的精准扶贫,都是我国的扶贫实践过程中的独特创新之处。可以说,新中国70年来的扶贫成就是举世瞩目的,这是中华民族历史上首次整体消除绝对贫困的现象,充分体现了中国共产党始终坚持以人民为中心的发展理念,也为世界上其他不发达地区的贫困治理提供了经验和指导。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,in different historical periods,due to the differences in material basis,technical conditions,domestic and international environment,China’s poverty alleviation policies have shown phased characteristics.From the relief type poverty alleviation in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the development type poverty alleviation after the reform and opening up to the targeted poverty alleviation in the new era,the party and the government have led the people throughout the country to gradually explore a new poverty alleviation policy with Chinese characteristics Poverty alleviation and development.The open and inclusive poverty alleviation combining the government with the market,the comprehensive development poverty alleviation based on local policies,and the targeted poverty alleviation based on the combination of regional targeting and rural household targeting are the unique innovations in the poverty alleviation practice in China.It can be said that the achievements of poverty alleviation in the past 70 years in New China have attracted worldwide attention.This is the first time in the history of the Chinese nation to eliminate absolute poverty as a whole,which fully embodies the CPC’s development concept of people-centered development and provides experience and guidance for poverty governance in other underdeveloped areas in the world.