北宋钧台窑“双火塘窑”烧制工艺分析

Analysis of Firing Technology of “Double Firing Hearth Kiln” in Juntai Kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty

依据钧窑考古发现、仿烧实验成果结合文献资料,采用考证、实验、比较的方法,描述和分析了北宋钧台窑"双火塘窑"窑炉构造、装烧工艺流程以及烧成原理和操作要领。指出"双火塘窑"具有"双火塘、横长窑室、高窑台、小烟囱"显著特点;采用匣钵装烧法,热能利用率高,气氛稳定,操作细腻。是我国最早的较为完备的铜红彩釉烧制工艺,具有较高的创新性,奠定了钧窑的历史地位,对现代陶艺创作具有指导意义。

Based on the archeological discovery of Jun kiln and the experimental results of imitative firing,combined with the documents and materials,and by means of textual research,experiment and comparison,this paper describes and analyzes the furnace structure,firing process,firing principle and operation essentials of the"double Huotang kiln"of Juntai kiln in the northern Song Dynasty.It is pointed out that the"double Huotang kiln"has the remarkable characteristics of"double Huotang,horizontal long kiln chamber,high kiln platform and small chimney".The casket firing method has the advantages of high heat utilization rate,stable atmosphere and delicate operation.It is the earliest relatively complete firing process of the copper red glaze in China,with high innovation,which has established the historical position of Jun kiln and has guiding significance for modern ceramic art creation.