2018年河南省盐碘新标准实施后孕妇碘营养状况调查分析

Analysis of iodine nutritional status among pregnant women after implementation of a new standard of iodized salt in Henan Province in 2018

目的了解河南省实施食盐加碘新标准后孕妇碘营养状况,为采取科学的干预策略提供依据。方法2018年,按照《河南省碘缺乏病监测方案》,在河南省的156个非高碘县(市、区)和高碘县(市、区)所辖非高碘地区,每个县(市、区)按照东、西、南、北、中各抽取1个缺碘乡,每个乡抽取20名孕妇,采集孕妇家中食用盐盐样和尿样,检测盐碘和尿碘含量。盐碘检测采用直接滴定法,川盐及其他强化食用盐采用仲裁法测定;尿碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法。结果共检测孕妇家中盐样15430份,碘盐覆盖率为95.4%(14721/15430),合格碘盐食用率为87.0%(13426/15430),盐碘中位数为25.8 mg/kg。检测孕妇尿样15378份,尿碘中位数为188.0μg/L。妊娠早、中、晚期孕妇的尿碘中位数分别为190.2、188.9、186.0μg/L。结论盐碘新标准实施后河南省孕妇碘营养总体处于适宜状态,应持续进行孕妇碘营养监测,坚持食盐加碘为主的综合防治策略,保证孕妇适量碘摄入。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Henan Province after implementation of new standard of iodized salt,and to provide evidence for scientific adjustment of control strategy.Methods In 2018,according to"Henan Surveillance Program on Iodine Deficiency Disorders",5 townships were randomly picked out based on their sub area positions of east,west,south,north and middle in each county in the non-high iodine areas of 156 non-high iodine and high iodine counties(cities,districts).Then 20 pregnant women were sampled in each chosen township to collect and determine their salt and urinary iodine contents.The iodine level in salt was determined by direction titration;the salt samples from Sichuan and other enhanced salt samples were detected by arbitration;iodine content in urine was tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophometry.Results In total,15430 household salt samples of pregnant women were collected and determined;the coverage rate of iodized salt was 95.4%(14721/15430)and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 87.0%(13426/15430);the median of salt iodine was 25.8 mg/kg.Totally 15378 urine samples were collected and the median urinary iodine was 188.0μg/L.The medians of urinary iodine of early,middle and late pregnant were 190.2,188.9 and 186.0μg/L,respectively.Conclusions After the implementation of new standard of iodized salt,the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Henan Provence is totally appropriate.The surveillance of iodine status and the universal salt prevention and control strategies among pregnant women should be continuously presented to ensure the moderate amount of iodine intake.