基于文献计量学的远洋渔业领域的研究状况分析

ADistant Water Fisheries Research Status Analysis Based on Bibliometrics

远洋渔业是海洋捕捞业的重要组成,但是远洋渔业也是高风险、高投入、高回报的海洋产业,科学分析国内外远洋渔业领域的研究状况有利于我国远洋渔业的可持续发展和科学管理。为此,本研究基于文献计量学,通过Webof Science,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink,Google Scholar数据库检索到远洋渔业相关531篇英文文献,通过知网(CNKI)数据库检索到远洋渔业相关1340篇中文文献。从文献类型、文献增长规律、期刊分布、高引文献、国家地区和研究单位、研究内容六个方面分别整理与分析中英文文献。结果显示,中英文文献研究内容在研究对象、研究尺度和研究学科三方面有差异。英文文献对高经济价值和市场需求较大的鱼种研究较多,研究尺度从大到小均有,中文文献集中于中小尺度研究。英文文献数量整体呈上升趋势,1995年之后文献明显增加。美、日、中发表文献最多,其中美国在资源评估和生态保护等方面研究较多,日本对金枪鱼、鲣鱼、鲑鱼和鳕鱼等高度洄游性鱼类研究较多,中国大陆在综述和行业指导上研究较多,中国台湾对金枪鱼研究较多。中文文献数量整体呈上升趋势,从2012年有明显增长,大多发表在非核心刊物,高校和研究所研究成果较多,政策和产业研究内容多集中在远洋渔业生产要素、远洋渔业产业体系、政府政策和国际影响。远洋渔业具有弱质性、产业关联度高、依赖国家发展支持等特征。我国应从远洋渔业的数据统计与科学研究、拉动国内市场和消费、风险评价和预警、参与到国际事务和规则制定、企业的管理等方面加强研究。

Distant water fisheries(DWF),as an importantpartof marine fishing industry,is of high investment,high risk and high return.Analyzing foreign and domestic studies on DWF is appreciated by sustainable development and management.Based on bibliometrics,531 strong correlation English papers from Web of Science,ScienceDirect,SpringerLink and Google Scholar and 1,340 Chinese literatures were analyzed according to their categoriesy,literature types,literature growth law,journal distribution,highly cited literatures and national distribution and study content.The results showed that the contents of Chinese and English literatures are different in the research objects,research scales and research disciplines.The English literatures have many researches on fish species with high economic values and high market demands.The research scales range from large to small.The Chinese literatures focus on small and medium scale researches.The number of English documents has generally increased,and the literatures have increased significantly since 1995.The United States,Japan and China have published documents most.Among them,the United States has studied more in resource assessment and ecological protection.Japan has more researches on highly migratory fish species such as tuna and squid.China's Mainland has studied more on the review and industry guidance while more studies on tuna in Taiwan.The overall number of Chinese literatures is on rising,with a significant increase from 2012.Most were published on non-core journals,and there are many research achievements in universities and research institutes,which focus on factors of production,DWF industry system,government policies and international influence in policy and industry research.With the characteristics of weak quality,high industrial association and dependence on national development support,DWF in China should strengthen the researches on data statistics and scientific issues,drive the domestic market and consumption,risk assessment and early warning,participate in international affairs and rule-making,and the management of enterprises.