汉代双层木椁墓研究

A Study on the Tombs with Double-Layered Wood Chambers of the Han Dynasty

汉代双层木椁墓可分三型,每一型最早都出现于岭南地区,之后有各自流行地域和演变序列:A型流行于西汉时期的成都地区;B型流行于两汉的岭南地区,以广州地区发现最为密集;C型发现于西汉中晚期的湖北地区。木椁墓的双层结构来源于岭南越人的架棺墓,是越人架棺习俗与汉式椁墓融合的结果。双层木椁墓的形制还影响到了后来岭南地区的砖室墓。双层木椁墓进入蜀地,其路线很可能是经由夜郎道—僰道再进入成都地区,为岭南与蜀地的文化交流增添了新的证据。

The tombs with double-layered wood chambers of the Han dynasty include three types;all appeared first in the Lingnan region but became popular in different regions and respectively developed their own evolutionary routes.Type A was popular in the Chengdu area during the Western Han period;Type B was popular in the Lingnan region,particularly in Guangzhou,during the Han dynasty;Type C was discovered in the Hubei region during the middle and late West Han period.With the double-layer structure from the coffin-racking practice of the Yue people in Lingnan region,these tombs represent the integration of the coffin-racking tombs of the Yue people and the chambered tombs of the Han people.The structure also shaped the brick chambered tombs developed later on in the Lingnan region.The introduction of tombs with double-layered wood chambers into Sichuan region was likely to have taken the route of the Yelang Road and Bo Road before entering Chengdu.It provides new evidence of cultural exchanges between Lingnan and Sichuan.