通信电台电磁脉冲阻塞效应规律与作用机理

Feature and Mechanism of Blocking Effect for Communication Equipment under Electromagnetic Pulse Interference

为揭示通信电台电磁脉冲阻塞效应机理,在受试电台正常工作状态下,借助注入耦合模块实验研究了阶跃脉冲串和双指数脉冲串对数字通信电台误码率的影响规律。引入电磁脉冲对受试设备影响时间的概念,建立了与连续波阻塞效应等价的电磁脉冲阻塞敏感判据。实验结果表明:电磁脉冲对受试设备的影响时间取决于脉冲波形,可通过效应试验测试确定。在电磁脉冲重复率较低时,受试电台的临界干扰电平与脉冲重复率无关,属于单脉冲效应;当脉冲重复率大于电磁脉冲影响时间的倒数时,受试电台的临界干扰电平随脉冲重复率增加而降低,属于多脉冲累加效应。将电磁脉冲在影响时间窗口内进行频谱分析,采用连续波带内多频阻塞效应模型进行验证,误差在2dB以内。

To seek the blocking effect mechanism of electromagnetic pulse on communication equipment,when the equipment under test(EUT)is operating normally,it studies the effect feature of rectangle electromagnetic pulse(EMP)and dual exponential EMP on digital communication equipment bit error rate by using the equivalent injection coupling device method.The sensitive criterion of communication equipment EMP blocking is determined that is equivalent to continuous wave interference.The experimental results show the influence time of EMP to EUT is dependent on the pulse wave form,this time can be tested by effect experiment.When the repetition rate of EMP is lower,the critical interference voltage for EUT has nothing to do with it,the blocking effect is decided by the single pulse.The critical interference voltage for EUT is reduced with the repetition rate of EMP increasing when the repetition rate of EMP is bigger than the reciprocal of the influence time of EMP,the blocking effect is decided by the accumulation of pulses.The frequency spectrum of EMP is performed by Fourier transform in the interval of influence time of EMP,the experimental data is verified by the model of in-band electromagnetic radiation blocking effect under multi-frequency continuous wave interference environment,the maximum error is 2 dB.