军事训练伤快速心理测评量表的构建及应用分析

Rapid psychological assessment and result analysis of the wounded during military training

目的编制军事训练伤快速心理测评量表,分析军事训练伤伤员心理状态及影响因素,并提出干预措施。方法选取2018年12月—2019年10月解放军总医院第八医学中心骨科中心收治的105例军事训练伤伤员,采用自行设计的军事训练伤快速心理测评量表评估伤后1~10 d伤员焦虑和抑郁评分,观察伤员年龄、职级、受伤部位、伤类、受伤到接受外科治疗间隔时间、执行任务性质、Barthel指数、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对伤员发生焦虑和抑郁的影响程度,采用CHISS 2011统计软件进行统计学分析。结果军事训练伤快速心理测评量表的专家效度为0.893。快速焦虑测评量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.754,效度为0.997,常模为(10.54±2.80)分;快速抑郁量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.749,效度为0.997,常模为(11.60±3.22)分。伤后7 d,伤员快速焦虑评分为(13.70±3.12)分,与常模比较差异有统计学意义(t=-10.588,P<0.01);快速抑郁评分为(11.83±2.99)分,与常模比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.687,P>0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,从受伤到接受外科治疗间隔时间、PSSS评分与军事训练伤伤员焦虑水平相关(P<0.05);执行任务性质和接受外科治疗时间与军事训练伤后抑郁水平相关(P<0.05)。结论本研究构建的军事训练伤快速心理测评量表性能良好。轻度和中度焦虑情绪是军事训练伤伤员心理干预的重点;及早实施有效处置、尽快恢复生活自理能力、有效的社会支持,可以改善军事训练伤伤员的心理状态。

Objective To compile the"Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries",analyze the psychological status and influencing factors of the wounded during military training,and propose intervention measures.Methods Totally 105 wounded patients during military training who were treated in the Orthopedic Center at the Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from December 2018 to October 2019 were selected.The self-designed"Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries"was used to assess the anxiety and depression of the wounded 1-10 d post injury.The age,rank,injured part,injury type,interval from injury to surgical treatment,nature of the task performed,Barthel index,and the effects of Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)on the anxiety and depression of the wounded were observed,and CHISS2011 was used for statistical analysis.Results The expert validity of the"Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries"was 0.893.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient,validity and norm of the rapid anxiety assessment scale was 0.754,0.997 and(10.54±2.80),respectively;the Cronbach'sαcoefficient,validity and norm of the rapid depression scale was 0.749,0.997 and(11.60±3.22),respectively.On the seventh day after injury,the rapid anxiety score of the wounded was(13.70±3.12),which was statistically significantly different from the norm(t=-10.588,P<0.01);the rapid depression score was(11.83±2.99),which was not statistically significantly different from the norm(t=0.687,P>0.05).Cox regression analysis revealed that the interval from injury to surgical treatment,PSSS score and Barthel index were correlated with the anxiety of the wounded during military training(P<0.05);the nature of the tasks performed and the time of receiving surgical treatment were correlated with the depression after injury during military training(P<0.05).Conclusions The"Quick Psychological Assessment Scale for Military Training Injuries"has good performance.Mild and moderate anxiety is the focus of psychological intervention for the wounded during military training.Early implementation of effective treatment,recovery of self-care ability as soon as possible and effective social support can improve the mental state of the wounded during military training.