北京地区航天系统职工超重和肥胖状况及相关疾病分析

Study on overweight/obesity and the correlation with chronic diseases in aerospace system staff in Bejing area

目的分析北京地区航天系统职工超重和肥胖状况及其与慢性病的相关性,为职业人群的体重管理提供依据。方法对2018年1~12月体检的航天系统职工17060人进行横断面调查,测定体重指数(BMI),血清三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、空腹血糖(FPG)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)等生化指标,并检查腹部、乳腺(女性)、前列腺(男性)彩超。根据BMI分为肥胖组(n=2156)、超重组(n=6201)、正常组(n=8054)及消瘦组(n=649),由于消瘦人群数量较少,将其纳入正常体重组。对BMI和各项体检结果以及常见慢病的相关性进行分析。结果超重组人群和肥胖人群的FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C、ALT、UA等指标均高于体重正常组,HDL-C低于正常体重组(P<0.05);超重组人群和肥胖人群主要疾病包括血压升高、血脂异常、血糖升高、脂肪肝、胆囊疾病、前列腺增生的检出率均高于体重正常组(P<0.05)。结论超重和肥胖的职业人群主要慢性病的患病率高于体重正常人群,有效预防和控制超重和肥胖是降低慢病患病率的重要手段。

Objective To investigation the situation of overweight/obesity and related diseases in a large occupational population in aerospace system staff in Bejing area.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 17060 subjects in aerospace system staff in Bejing area who received routine physical examination in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2018.The levels of body mass index(BMI),serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),urea nitrogen(BUN)and uric acid(UA)were detected.Moreover the abdominal color ultrasound,breast color ultrasound(females)and prostate color ultrasound(males)were performed.Finally the correlation between BMI and examination results of these indexes as well as related chronic diseases was analyzed.Results The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,ALT,FPG and UA in obesity/overweight group were significantly higher than those in normal weight group,however,the HDL-C levels were significantly lower than those in normal weight group(P<0.05).The main diseases in obesity/overweight population included hypertension,dyslipidemia,hyperglycemia,fatty liver,gallbladder disease and prostatic hyperplasia,and the detection rates of these diseases were significantly higher than those in normal weight population(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of main chronic diseases in overweight and obesity occupational population is higher than that in normal weight population,and to effectivly prevent and control overweight and obesity is an important way to decrease the prevalence of chronic diseases.