用于骨组织再生的仿生骨膜的研究进展

Research Progress of Biomimetic Periosteum for Bone Tissue Regeneration

骨膜是一种覆盖在皮质骨外表面(除关节外)高度血管化的结缔组织膜,富含多种骨类细胞及生长因子,在骨组织的发育和再生中起重要作用。然而,由于可用的健康骨膜数量有限,临床治疗由创伤、肿瘤和先天性疾病引起的临界尺寸的骨缺损仍面临重大挑战,这为开发具有与天然骨膜相似结构和功能的骨膜替代物(仿生骨膜)提供动力。综述仿生骨膜在宏观和微观水平上的性能研究现状,包括生物安全性、功能梯度性、机械稳定性、生物活性及临床可操作性。列举4种基于不同原理的仿生骨膜成型方法,并探讨各类成型方法的主要缺陷,以期为开发性能更加优异的仿生骨膜提供参考。

Periosteum is a highly vascularized connective tissue membrane covering the outer surface of cortical bone(except joints).It contains various bone cells and growth factors and plays a vital role in the development and regeneration of bone tissue.However,due to the limited number of available healthy periosteum,clinical treatment of critical size bone defects caused by trauma,tumors and congenital diseases still faces significant challenges.This has provided the impetus for the development of periosteum substitutes(biomimetic periosteum),which have a structure and function similar to natural periosteum.In this review,we highlighted the current research status in properties of biomimetic periosteum at the macro and micro levels,including biocompatibility,graded functionality,mechanical stability,biological activity,and clinical manageability.The four biomimetic periosteum preparation methods were listed based on different principles,and the main defects of various preparation methods were discussed.It is expected to provide reference for the development of biomimetic periosteum with better performance.