2009-2018年肇庆市恙虫病流行特征分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Zhaoqing city from 2009 to 2018

目的分析2009-2018年肇庆市恙虫病的流行趋势与流行病学特征,为制定相关防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2009-2018年肇庆市恙虫病报告病例的流行特征进行分析。结果2009-2018年肇庆市共报告恙虫病病例6548例,年均发病率为16.24/10万,发病率呈现逐年上升的趋势(c2=1584.008,P<0.001);夏秋季为发病高峰期,6月和7月报告病例数占总病例数的36.24%(2373/6548)。广宁县年均发病率最高(527.77/10万),其次为怀集县(313.74/10万)和四会市(93.69/10万);女性年均发病率(19.97/10万)高于男性(12.76/10万),差异有统计学意义(c2=31.791,P<0.001),发病率随着年龄增长不断上升,以60~岁组发病率最高(548.51/10万);职业以农民为主(占82.38%)。结论肇庆市恙虫病发病水平较高且呈上升趋势,发病有明显的季节性,发病人群有比较明显性别、年龄和职业特征,建议对重点地区和重点人群加强健康教育,以控制恙虫病的发生和流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemic trend and epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Zhaoqing city from 2009 to 2018,and provide evidence for the development of relevant prevention and control measures.Method The epidemic trend and epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in Zhaoqing city were analyzed by descriptive epidiological method.Results A total of 6548 scrub typhus cases were reported in Zhaoqing city from 2009 to 2018.The annal average incidence of scrub typhus was 16.24/100000 and the incidence showed an upward trend(c2=1584.008,P<0.001).The incidence peak was in summer and autumn.The cases reported in June and July accounted for 36.24%(2373/6548)of total cases.The average annual incidence was highest in Guangning county(527.77/100000),followed by Huaiji county(313.74.77/100000)and Sihui city(93.69/100000).The incidence was higher in women than in men(c2=31.791,P<0.001)and the incidence increased with age.The incidence rate(548.51/100000)was the highest in 60-years old group.Farmers accounted for the majority of the scrub typhus cases(82.38%).Conclusions The incidence of scrub typhus in Zhaoqing city was high and showing an upward trend.The incidence of the disease had obvious seasonality,and the affected population had obvious gender,age and occupational characteristics.Health education should be strengthened in key areas and key populations to control the occurrence and incidence of the disease.