防治严重急性呼吸综合征和中东呼吸综合征相关证据的述评

A Commentary on Related Evidence for Prevention and Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

为控制2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)流行提供可借鉴的证据,对PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、中国期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库和万方医学数据库进行了检索,得到发表于2003-01/2019-12的20篇防治严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)和中东呼吸综合征(MERS)的系统评价、Meta分析及相关综述。对此类证据的分析表明,已有了一些防治SARS和MERS的科学证据,包括病原体诊断(实时PCR检测)、医务人员个体防护(防护设备及操作程序指南)、临床治疗方法(恢复期血浆治疗)及治疗重点群体(慢性疾病患者),但疫苗及药物方面的证据还很少。现有证据提示,今后对COVID-19研究的重点可包括疫苗开发、降低病理性免疫反应、抗病毒药物效果及安全性研究、中和病毒的血清抗体研究。

To provide recommendable evidence for controlling the epidemic of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19),we searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,Chinese national knowledge infrastructure,Chinese medical database,and Wanfang medical database,and obtained 20 systematic reviews,meta-analyses,and relevant reviews for the prevention and treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS),which were published between January 2003 and December 2019.An analysis of these types of evidence shows that there has been some scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment for SARS and MERS,including diagnosis of the pathogen(real-time PCR test),medical workers’personal protection(protective equipment and guidelines for application procedure),clinical treatment methods(convalescent plasma treatment)and focal groups in treatment(patients with chronic diseases),but the evidence for vaccines and medicines has been scarce.It is suggested that future research focuses for COVID-19 should include vaccine development,pathological immune response reduction,the effects and safety of anti-virus medicines,and plasma antibody deactivating viruses.