纬编双轴向织物/环氧树脂电加热复合材料电热及层间剪切性能

Electrothermal and interlaminar shear properties of weft knitted biaxial fabric/epoxy resin electrically heated composites

为开发一种可用于航空飞行器防/除冰防护的电加热复合材料,本文设计制备了三种纬编双轴向织物/环氧树脂复合材料,采用实验方法研究了纬编双轴向织物电阻丝排列密度对复合材料电热性能和层间剪切性能的影响。电加热复合材料上、下层均为玻璃纤维/环氧树脂预浸料,中间层为电加热纬编双轴向织物,织物衬经纱、捆绑纱和衬纬纱分别采用铜镍合金丝、涤纶和玻璃纤维。采用红外温度测试仪和材料万能试验机进行性能测试。结果表明:施加电压6 s后复合材料表面温度快速升高,在60 s左右温度达到最高平衡温度,复合材料表面最高平衡温度与施加电压成正比关系;当施加电压不变时,电阻丝排列密度越小,复合材料表面最高平衡温度越高;电阻丝排列密度越小,复合材料层间剪切强度越大。可见,纬编双轴向织物/环氧树脂电加热复合材料具有轻质高强、加热速率高、成型性好等特点,适合用于飞行器多个部位的防/除冰。

In order to develop a kind of electrically heated composites which can be used for anti-icing/de-icing protection of aircraft,three kinds of weft knitted biaxial fabric/epoxy resin composites were designed and prepared,and the effects of density of the resistance wire arrangement on the electrothermal properties and interlaminar shear properties of the composite were studied.The upper and lower layers of the electrically heated composite are glass fiber/epoxy resin prepreg,and the intermediate layer is electrically heated weft woven biaxial fabric,which is lined with warp yarn,binding yarn and weft yarn respectively using copper-nickel alloy wire,polyester fiber and glass fiber.Infrared temperature tester and material universal testing machine were used for the performance testing.The results show that:after applying voltage for 6 s,the surface temperature of the composite increases rapidly,and reaches the maximum equilibrium temperature around 60 s.The maximum equilibrium temperature of the composite surface is in direct proportion to the applied voltage;When the applied voltage is unchanged,the lower the density of the wire,the higher the maximum equilibrium temperature of the composite surface.The lower the arrangement density of the resistance wire,the greater the interlaminar shear strength of the composites.The density of the resistance wires is low,and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite is higher.The weft woven biaxial fabric/epoxy resin electrically heated composites has the characteristics of light weight,high strength,high heating rate,good formability and so on,which is suitable for anti-icing/de-icing of multiple parts of aircraft.