北京东胡林遗址人骨的体质演化与生物文化适应

Evolutionary History and Biocultural Adaptation of Prehistoric Humans at Donghulin Site,Beijing

北京东胡林遗址是华北地区旧石器时代和新石器时代过渡阶段的重要遗址,遗址出土的人骨遗存是了解晚更新世到早全新世华北地区人类体质演变及古人生活、行为适应方式的重要材料。东胡林遗址最早的3具人骨材料发现于1966年,受条件所限,仅有少量测量数据发表,且现保存地点不详[1]。1995年,北京大学地质系田野考察中于遗址内发现半具人骨并进行了采集,校正后的人骨碳十四测年数据约为公元前7500年[2]。

Skeletal remains from Donghulin site are key to exploring the evolutionary history and biocultural adaptation of populations in North China during the early Holocene.Physical anthropological analysis of skeletal remains from two burials at Donghulin shows that the craniofacial morphology is characterized by a level of heterogeneity and diversity similar to that of the Upper Paleolithic Age.The early Holocene is the key period for the formation of modern craniofacial morphology of East Asian populations.Evidence of tooth macrowear morphology,dental caries,and femoral midshaft diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry of the Donghulin population suggests a physical transformation corresponding to reduced mobility and wider diet breadth,refl ecting a shift in lifestyles and subsistence strategies when compared with the Upper Paleolithic Age.