马铃薯杂种后代无性系性状的评价

Evaluations of Clonal Traits of Potato Hybrid Progenies

西藏马铃薯种质资源丰富,但主栽品种较少,专用品种匮乏。利用西藏当地马铃薯品种做亲本配置组合,进行马铃薯杂种后代无性系性状评价,为选育适合西藏当地生态环境的马铃薯专用品种提供参考。被测无性系17个,以当地品种‘艾玛土豆’和油炸品种‘大西洋’为对照,进行植株性状、产量性状、品质性状及炸条级别的评价。试验结果表明,‘XZ07-1’产量与商品薯重均达最高,适合鲜薯食用;‘XZ25-1’淀粉含量最高18.59%,薯肉为白色,适合淀粉加工;‘XZ14-1’产量与商品薯率高,还原糖含量低于对照‘大西洋’,炸条级别为1级,适合油炸或全粉加工。另有9个无性系部分性状表现较好,可进一步评价,并对其优良特性在育种中加以利用。因此,利用西藏当地马铃薯品种资源可选育适合西藏当地生态环境的马铃薯专用新品种。

Potato germplasm resources in Tibet are abundant,but the main varieties are few and the special-purpose varieties are scarce.The purpose of this experiment was to explore the possibility of selecting special-purpose potato varieties suitable for planting in Tibet ecological environments using local potato varieties in Tibet as parents.Seventeen clones were evaluated for their plant traits,yields,qualities and French fry grades using fry variety'Atlantic'and local potato variety'Emma potato'as controls.The total tuber yield and marketable tuber yield of'XZ07-1'were the highest,which could be used as table potato.'XZ25-1'is suitable for starch processing,with starch content being the highest,18.59%,and flesh color white.'XZ14-1'is suitable for frying or flake processing.The yield and marketable tuber percentage of'XZ14-1'were high,reducing sugar content was lower than that of control'Atlantic',and French fry grade was 1.Another nine clones showed better performance in some traits,which could be further evaluated and utilized in breeding.Therefore,it is possible to select special-purpose varieties of potato suitable for planting in Tibet ecological environments using the local potato variety as parents.