绵马贯众素对马铃薯干腐病菌的抑菌活性研究

Antifungal Activity of Dryocrassine on Potato Dry Rot

马铃薯干腐病是镰孢菌引起的贮藏期病害,造成损失10%~35%。利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定粗茎麟毛蕨(Dryopteris crassirhizoma)提取液中绵马贯众素的含量,采用生长速率法测定其对马铃薯干腐病4种主要致病镰孢菌(Fusarium culmorum,F.avenaceum,F.sambucinum和F.solami var.coeruleum)的抑制效果,并研究不同浓度的绵马贯众素对接骨木镰孢菌菌丝和孢子萌发率的影响。绵马贯众素对4种镰孢菌均有一定的抑制作用,在1 mg/mL浓度下对接骨木镰孢菌抑制率高达95.2%,显著高于其他三种镰孢菌。与对照组相比,接骨木镰孢菌菌丝干重随着绵马贯众素浓度升高而下降。绵马贯众素在0.1 mg/mL时在一定程度上延缓接骨木镰孢菌孢子的萌发,萌发率为26.97%,而在0.5 mg/mL时可有效抑制孢子的萌发,萌发率仅为5.48%。因此,绵马贯众素具有研发植物源农药的潜力。

Potato dry rot,caused by Fusarium spp.,is a main disease during storage,resulting in a loss of 10%-35%.The concentration of dryocrassine from Dryopteris crassirhizoma extract was determined by HPLC and the inhibitory effect of dryocrassine was measured through growth rate for four main pathogenic fungi of Fusarium spp.(F.culmorum,F.avenaceum,F.sambucinum and F.solami var.coeruleum).The effects of different concentrations of dryocrassine on the mycelial growth and spore germination for F.sambucinum were studied.Dryocrassine had certain inhibitory effect on the four Fusarium spp.,especially F.sambucinum,which reached 95.2%at 1 mg/mL concentration,significantly higher than that of others.Compared with the control,the dry weight of F.sambucinum mycelium decreased with the increase of the concentration of dryocrassine.Dryocrassine at 0.1 mg/mL inhibited to some extent spore germination of F.sambucinum,with a germination rate of 26.97%.However,at 0.5 mg/mL it effectively inhibited the spore germination of F.sambucinum,the germination rate being only 5.48%.Therefore,the dryocrassine might have potential to develop botanical fungicides.