高比例新能源接入下电力系统惯量相关问题研究综述

Review of Research on Power System Inertia Related Issues in the Context of High Penetration of Renewable Power Generation

惯量在电力系统抵抗功率扰动中起到关键作用。在大规模新能源并网的背景下,低惯量特征在削弱电网对功率扰动鲁棒性的同时使系统动态行为愈加复杂。总结了国内外对电力系统惯量相关问题的研究动态和成果,并为低惯量电力系统的研究供了建议。首先,对近年来实际电网中由于惯量支撑能力不足而引发的电力系统频率失稳停电事故进行了回顾。其次,从惯性的量化评估、惯量支撑能力提升及基于惯量的新能源电网优化运行3方面对弱惯量支撑电力系统的研究现状及研究路径进行归纳梳理。最后,结合现有成果对弱惯量支撑电力系统的研究进行展望。

Inertia is significant in assisting the power system to resist against the disturbance. With the integration of large-scale renewable power generation into the power system, the reduced system inertia weakens the robustness of the power system to power disturbance and makes the dynamic behavior of system complicated. This paper summarizes the researches on the power system inertia and provides suggestions for further research based on the literature review. The events and accidents about the frequency instability of the actual power system caused by insufficient inertia support in recent years are firstly reviewed. Then, we conclude the research status in three aspects, i.e. system inertia estimation, inertia improvement measures, and optimal operation of power grid with inertia. Finally, the research on the power systems with weak inertia support is prospected based on the existing literature.