农户农膜回收行动受偿意愿及影响因素研究——基于新疆1029户棉农的调查

Farmers′ willingness to be compensated for the recovery action and its influencing factors

农膜残留引致了农田"白色污染",而生态补偿是解决农业面源污染的有效途径。为深入了解棉农农膜回收行为的补偿意愿及意愿受偿水平,文中基于新疆1029户棉农的实地调查数据,运用条件价值评估法(CVM)和Heckman选择模型探讨棉农农膜回收行为的受偿意愿及意愿受偿额度,并进一步应用分位数回归法(QR)分析影响棉农意愿受偿水平的关键因素。结果表明:1)96.89%的棉农愿意接受政府对于回收农膜的补偿,其意愿受偿额度为26.57元/亩;2)正规教育、时间成本、资金成本、收入效益、对环保法规的信任、对政策的了解程度、政府的宣传程度是影响棉农补偿意愿的关键因素;3)棉花种植面积、时间成本、对家人的信任、处罚的合理程度显著影响棉农的意愿受偿额度。在此基础上,文中从制定合理的补偿标准、完善农膜回收政策实施细则以及加强农膜回收利用的科学普及与技术推广这三个方面提出相应的对策建议。

Agricultural film residues cause "white pollution" of farmland, and ecological compensation is an effective way to solve agricultural non-point source pollution. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the willingness to compensate and the willingness to be compensated for cotton farmers ’film recycling, based on the field survey data of 1029 cotton farmers in Xinjiang, we discussed the willingness to be compensated for cotton farmers′ film recycling based on the conditional valuation method(CVM) and the Heckman selection model. And the quantile regression method(QR) was applied further to analyze the key factors that affect the willingness of the cotton farmers to be compensated. The results show that: ①96.89% of cotton farmers are willing to accept government compensation for the recycling of agricultural film, and their willingness to receive compensation is 26.57 Yuan/mu. The degree of policy understanding and the degree of publicity of the government are the key factors that affect the farmers′ willingness to compensate. ③ The cotton planting area, time cost, trust in family members, and the reasonable degree of punishment significantly affect the farmers′ willingness to be compensated. On this basis, we put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the three aspects of formulating reasonable compensation standards, improving agricultural film recycling policy implementation rules, and strengthening the scientific popularization and technical promotion of agricultural film recycling.