中国不同强度风速日数的时空演变特征(1961-2018年)

Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of different intensity wind speed days in China from 1961 to 2018

基于1961-2018年中国545个气象观测站点的日平均风速数据,采用风速强度等级划分,利用多种数理统计方法,从气候态分布、变化趋势、波动特征研究了近58年来中国9个强度风速日数的时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)1961-2018年中国不同强度风速日数具有南北分异特征,并因强度差异表现出不同程度的次区域性特征。随着风速强度增加,年均风速日数高值区逐渐向高纬度地区集聚分布。(2)1961-2018年中国无风日数变化趋势呈现为东西分异,其它强度风速日数呈现为南北分异。除软风日数和轻风日数主要呈现增加趋势外,其它强度风速日数主要呈现减少趋势,且趋势减少最大的地区集中在高纬度地区。疾风日数和大风日数变化趋势具有相似性,空间相关系数为0.56(n=15642),通过了0.01显著性水平的检验。(3)1961-2018年中国不同强度风速日数波动特征主要以南北分异为主。1990年前后中国不同强度风速日数波动差异也具有南北分异特征。

Based on the daily average wind speed data of 545 meteorological observation stations in China from 1961 to 2018, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of 9 intensity wind speeds days in China in recent 58 years were studied from the distribution of climate state, trend and fluctuation by using a variety of mathematical statistics methods. The results show that:(1) The different intensity of wind speed days in China showed the characteristics of north-south differentiation from 1961 to 2018, and the different degrees of sub-regional characteristics due to the intensity difference. With the increase of wind speed intensity, the high value area of annual mean wind speed days gradually concentrated to the high latitude area.(2) The trend of calm days in China showed east-west differentiation from 1961 to 2018, and other intensity wind speed days showed north-south differentiation. In addition to soft wind days and light wind days, the number of other strong wind days showed a decreasing trend, and the areas with the greatest trend of decreasing were concentrated in the high latitude areas. The spatial correlation coefficient was 0.56(n=15642), which passed the test of 0.01 significance level.(3) The fluctuation of different intensity wind speed days in China showed mainly north-south differentiation from 1961 to 2018.