川西花岗-伟晶岩型锂矿科学钻探:科学问题和科学意义

Scientific drilling project of granite-pegmatite-type lithium deposit in western Sichuan: scientific problems and significance

松潘-甘孜造山带是一条锂-铍-钽稀有元素超常富集的地带。针对锂矿资源上游勘探开发的瓶颈,实施川西锂矿3000m科学钻探,穿过变质岩、伟晶岩和花岗岩,建立多学科地壳锂柱。围绕"花岗-伟晶岩型锂矿的构造成因"、"与锂矿有关的花岗岩属性和成因类型"、"花岗岩与伟晶岩的关系及分异作用"、"稀有金属的"源-运-储-剥"过程"、"变形-变质-岩浆-成矿的造山过程:从热量耗损到锂的富集",以及"含稀有元素极端条件下微生物的特异性、多样性及与深度关系"等关键科学问题,实现为锂矿的找矿突破提供构造背景、制约要素、参考数据和科学依据,为找矿远景预测靶区提供科学标志,并力图建立创新性锂矿成因理论,具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。

The Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt is a super-enrichment zone of lithium-beryllium-tantalum rare elements. In view of the bottleneck of the upstream development of lithium mineral resources, we are launching a 3000 m scientific drilling project of lithium deposit in western Sichuan. The drill hole will penetrate granite and pegmatite, as well as metamorphic rocks, in order to establish a multi-disciplinary crustal "lithium column". Key scientific issues include: "tectonic origin of granite-pegmatite-type lithium deposits", "genetic types and properties of the granites related to the lithium deposits", "relationship between granite and pegmatite and their differentiation processes", "the source-migration-accumulation process of rare metals", "the orogenic process of deformation-metamorphism-magmatism-mineralization: from heat dissipation to lithium enrichment" and "the specificity and diversity of microorganisms under rare-element-bearing extreme conditions and their relationships with depth". The project will be able to offer the tectonic background, the restriction factor, the reference data and the scientific basis for the lithium ore exploration breakthrough, to provide the scientific symbol for the prospecting prediction target area, and to establish the innovative lithium deposit genesis theory, which has the important scientific significance and the practical value.