人员疏散出口布置对城市地下环路疏散效率的影响研究

Study on influence of personnel evacuation exits layout on evacuation efficiency of urban underground loop tunnel

为研究城市地下环路疏散出口对疏散的影响,优化疏散出口布置,应用Pathfinder软件对城市地下环路的人员疏散进行研究。调研分析城市地下环路的人员类型与紧急状况下的行动速度,分析不同疏散出口距离、宽度、类型对疏散时间及疏散速率的影响。结果表明:随着疏散出口距离的增加,人员的疏散时间呈线性增加趋势;疏散出口宽度大于1.0 m时,对人员的疏散时间影响较小,反之影响较大;地下环路内人员的疏散,不仅与疏散出口有关,还与疏散人员的肩宽以及车辆与防撞侧石的距离有关;借用车库出口疏散可增加疏散的效率,但确保疏散楼梯前畅通对疏散更有利。

To study the influence of the evacuation exits in the urban underground loop tunnel on the evacuation,and optimize the layout of evacuation exits,the Pathfinder software was applied to simulate the personnel evacuation in the urban underground loop tunnel.The personnel types and the movement speed in case of emergencies in the urban underground loop tunnel were investigated and analyzed,then the influence of different evacuation exit distances,widths and types on the evacuation time and evacuation rate was analyzed.The results showed that the personnel evacuation time increased linearly with the increase of evacuation exit distance.When the width of evacuation exit was greater than 1.0 m,the influence on the personnel evacuation time was less,and on the contrary,the influence was larger.The personnel evacuation in the underground loop tunnel was not only related to the evacuation exits,but also related to the shoulder width of the evacuees and the distance between the vehicle and the crash-proof side stone.The evacuation with using the garage exits could increase the evacuation efficiency,but it was more meaningful to ensure the unimpeded evacuation stairs.