木贼生物碱的提取及其功能的研究

Study on the Extraction and Function of the Alkaloid from Equisetum hyemale

以木贼为研究对象,提取生物碱,并对其体外抗氧化及抑菌功能进行研究,采用乙醇提取法和盐酸提取法确定生物碱的最佳提取条件,并研究木贼生物碱对羟自由基、超氧自由基、DPPH自由基的清除效率及其对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制效果。当乙醇浓度80%、料液比13 mL/g、浸泡时间18 h、浸提液pH值5时,木贼生物碱的提取含量最高。研究发现,木贼生物碱对羟自由基、超氧自由基、DPPH自由基的清除能力随着生物碱浓度提高而增强,其中对DPPH自由基的清除效果最佳,达到98.1%。木贼生物碱对大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有一定的抑菌效果,最明显的是大肠杆菌,抑菌浓度为5 mg/mL。木贼生物碱通过乙醇提取效果较好,且体外抗氧化及对大肠杆菌等具有明显的抑制作用。本研究可为广泛应用木贼的药用价值奠定基础。

Equisetum hiemale as the research object, the alkaloids were extracted from E. hiemale to study the anti-oxidation and anti-bacterial in vitro. The alkaloids were extracted with ethanol or hydrochloric acid,respectively, to determine the optimal conditions for extraction. To study the removal efficiency of hydroxyl radical, superoxide free radical and DPPH free radical, and to study the inhibitory effects on E. coli, B. subtilis,and S. aureus. When the ethanol concentration was 80%, the material liquid ratio was 13 mL/g, the soaking time was 18 h, and the extract pH was 5, the extract content of alkaloids was the highest. Studies have shown that alkaloids have an effective scavenging ability for hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, and DPPH radicals, of which the DPPH radical scavenging effect was best, reaching 98.1%. Alkaloids have anti-bacterial effects on on E.coli, B. subtilis, and S. aureus. The most obvious is E. coli, and the inhibitory concentration was 5 mg/mL.Alkaloid from E. hiemale were better extracted by ethanol. Alkaloids have effective effects anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial in vitro, It lays the foundation for the wide application of the medical value of E. hiemale.