乡村振兴背景下农村居民点用地适宜性评价——以慈利县为例

Suitability evaluation of rural residential land under the background of rural revitalization:a case study of Cili County

为使农村居民点布局进一步优化,土地资源得到合理利用,运用多因素加权求和模型评价农村居民点用地的适宜性.以30 m×30 m的栅格为评价单元,利用AHP(层次分析法)得到其权重,再使用ArcGIS10.2软件多因素加权求和,综合分析评价慈利县农村居民点布局适宜性.将适宜性评价结果分为适宜、比较适宜、一般适宜、不适宜4个等级,分别占土地总规模的17.8%、26.3%、34.5%、21.4%.结果表明,适宜农村居民点用地基本呈平行状分布,主要分布在零阳镇、江垭镇、阳和土家族乡等区域;比较适宜农村居民点用地除在南山坪乡北部、高桥镇西北部、零阳镇集中分布以外,其他乡镇都有广泛分布;一般适宜农村居民点用地所占比例最大,主要分布在二坊坪乡、龙潭河镇、三合镇的南部;不适宜农村居民点用地由于地理位置差,自然灾害频发,主要分布在三合镇西北部、南山坪乡南部.研究揭示了研究区农村居民点的用地适宜程度,以期为农村居民点的异地搬迁和优化土地资源配置提供一定的借鉴和指导.

In order to further optimize the layout of rural residential areas and make rational use of land resources,multi-factor weighted summation model is used to evaluate the suitability of rural residential land.Taking the grid of 30 m×30 m as the evaluation unit and using ArcGIS10.2 software to calculate the multi-factor weighted sum,the suitability of rural residential area layout in Cili County was comprehensively analyzed and evaluated.The results of suitability evaluation were divided into four grades:suitable,relatively suitable,general suitable and unsuitable,accounting for 17.8%,26.3%,34.5%and 21.4%of the total land scale respectively.The results show that the land suitable for rural residential areas is basically distributed in parallel,i.e.the central line and the northern line,the central line and the water system trend are basically the same,the northern line and the low altitude area are basically the same,mainly distributed in the areas of Lingyang Town,Jiangya Town,Yanghe Tujia Township,etc.;the land suitable for rural residential areas is divided into the north of Nanshanping Township,the northwest of Gaoqiao Town,and Lingyang Town except centralized distribution,other towns and townships are widely distributed;generally,the land suitable for rural residential areas accounts for the largest proportion,mainly distributed in the south of Erfangping Township,Longtanhe Town and Sanhe Town,with the most extensive distribution area;the land unsuitable for rural residential areas is mainly distributed in the northwest of Sanhe Town,the south of Nanshanping Township and Gaofeng Tujia due to its poor geographical location and frequent natural disasters.The study reveals the suitability of the layout of rural residential areas in the study area,in order to provide some reference and guidance for the relocation of rural residential areas and the optimization of land resource allocation.