中医药治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的临床特征、病程和住院天数分析

Analysis of clinical features,course of disease and hospitalization days of COVID-19 patients receiving TCM treatment

目的分析中医药治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者的临床特征及诊治情况,探讨患者病程和住院天数的可能影响因素,为新型冠状病毒肺炎的中医治疗提供参考。方法纳入2020年2月至3月武汉市雷神山医院七病区和五病区收治的93例COVID-19患者,通过问卷调查收集患者的人口学特征、发病就诊资料及实验室检测信息,应用SAS 9.2软件进行统计分析。结果93例COVID-19患者的平均年龄(60.56±12.32)岁,男性占40.86%。患者以普通型为主(86.02%),42.34%患者伴发慢性病。患者入院时的主要症状包括乏力(83.87%)、紧张(82.80%)、情绪低落(70.97%)、干咳(68.82%)、睡眠障碍(66.67%)。患者均接受中药治疗,西药治疗百分比为44.09%,针刺治疗百分比为41.94%,耳穴/敷贴治疗百分比为12.90%。患者出院时发热、腹胀、纳差的症状消失率均超过90%。患者的平均病程为(44.74±14.70)d,平均住院时间为(18.99±9.97)d;接受针刺治疗患者的病程明显比未接受针刺治疗的患者短(P<0.05),住院天数也短于未接受针刺治疗的患者。结论COVID-19病例以普通型为主,中医药治疗COVID-19的参与率高,以针刺为代表的中医治疗,可减轻患者症状,缩短病程和住院天数。

Objective To analyze the clinical features and diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),explore potential factors influencing the course of disease and hospitalization days,and provide reference for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment of COVID-19.Methods Ninety-three included patients with COVID-19 were those admitted to Ward 5 and Ward 7 of Leishenshan Hospital of Wuhan city from February to March 2020.Their demographic features,medical data at the onset of COVID-19,and laboratory test were collected through questionnaire survey,and statistical analysis was carried out by SAS9.2 software.Results The average age of 93 COVID-19 patients was 60.56 years old with the standard deviation of 12.32.Male patients accounted for40.86%.The majority of the patients were common type(86.02%),and 42.34%of the patients were accompanied by chronic diseases.The main symptoms of COVID-19 patients at admission included fatigue(83.87%),nervousness(82.80%),depression(70.97%),dry cough(68.82%)and sleep disorder(66.67%).All patients received TCM treatment,with 44.09%also receiving western medicine treatment,41.94%receiving acupuncture treatm ent and 12.90%receiving auricular point/applicationtreatment.More than 90%of the patients had no symptoms of fever,abdominal distension and anorexia when they were discharged from hospital.The average course of disease was 44.74 days with the standard deviation of 14.70,and the average hospitalization duration was 18.99 days with the standard deviation of 9.97.The course of disease of patients receiving acupuncture treatment was significantly shorter than that of patients not receiving acupuncture treatment(P<0.05),and the hospitalization days of patients receiving acupuncture treatment were also shorter than that of patients not receiving acupuncture treatment.Conclusion Most COVID-19 cases included have no complications,and TCM intervention rate in treating COVID-19 is high.Acupuncture,as a representative of TCM treatment,can alleviate the symptoms of patients,shorten the course of disease and hospitalization days.