余华小说的“代父”书写

The Phenomenon of“Acting Father”in Yu Hua’s Novels

余华小说对父亲形象的塑造并非简单地由颠覆父亲形象到再造父亲形象的过程,在对余华小说“代父”书写的考察中,应分阶段阐释“代父”塑造的现实意义与文化意蕴。20世纪80年代余华塑造的“代父”并不具有异质性;20世纪90年代后,余华塑造出温情与残酷并存的“代父”形象,表现出作家对文化多元社会中的精神之父仍持怀疑和拒斥立场。余华小说持续的“代父”书写,与作家自身经历有关,更重要的是,这是作家立足“民间”、面向“现在”的写作立场所致。余华小说“代父”书写的内在构建逻辑,显示出其处理父子关系的独特性。

The creation of the father’s image in Yu Hua’s novels is not a simple process from fundamentally transforming the father’s image into a new one.Through an investigation of Yu Hua’s novelistic portrayal of“acting father”,this article believes that the practical significance and cultural connotation of“acting father”as depicted by Yu Hua should be interpreted in stages.The“acting father”image created by Yu Hua in the 1980s is not heterogeneous.After the 1990s,Yu Hua created the image of“acting father”with both warmth and cruelty,which shows that the writer still doubts and rejects the notion of spiritual father in the multicultural society.The continuous creation of the“acting father”image in Yu Hua’s novels is related to the writer’s own experience.More importantly,this is due to the writer’s writing position based on the“folkway”and facing the“present”.The internal construction logic of“acting father”in Yu Hua’s novels shows its uniqueness in dealing with the relationship between father and son.