论陈留的区域环境和士风对阮籍及其创作的影响

On the Influence of the Local Regional Environment and Scholar's Ethos on Ruan Ji and His Creation

目前学界的阮籍研究多从政治背景和玄学思潮两方面着手,但笔者发现其故乡陈留的区域环境和士风对阮籍及其创作亦有很大影响,学界却鲜有论及。首先,陈留多山林、沼泽的自然环境,使得阮籍在创作时多选用旷野、山林、飞鸟等意象;其次,陈留厚重的历史、古迹众多的人文环境,使得阮籍颇怀兴亡之叹,故其诗歌多借古讽今之作;最后,汉末陈留地区任情不羁、崇尚文艺的风气影响到以阮籍为代表的汉魏士人,某种程度上促进了魏晋风度的形成。

At present,the study on Ruan Ji has paid more attention to the political background and the trend of metaphysics.However,the author found that the regional environment and the style of scholars in his hometown,Chenliu,also had a great influence on Ruan Ji.Chenliu has many mountains,woods,and swamps,which were much depicted in the poems by Ruan Ji.In addition,there are many historical sites in Chenliu,by which Ruan Ji would sign with the changes of history and deride the contemporary by quoting from history.Finally,the ethos of unruly folk custom and advocating literature and art in Chenliu in the late Han Dynasty influenced the coming scholars in the Han and Wei dynasties,represented by Ruan Ji,and promoted the formation of the literary style of theWei and Jin dynasties.