城轨超级电容储能的容量配置和控制策略研究

Research on capacity configuration and control strategy of the super capacitor energy storage device for rail transit

采用超级电容储能装置实现轨道交通工程存在的再生制动能量吸收功能,同时可以有效解决逆变回馈型节能装置的再生能量倒送110 kV主变电所问题。本文以实际工程中的列车运行参数为基础,对列车制动过程进行力学和电学分析,提出了电容储能型节能装置的整体设计方案。储能型节能装置包括双向斩波器和超级电容组,斩波器主电路采用交错并联的双向Buck-Boost电路,超级电容组采用串并联方案;根据储能装置的电压和电流需求,设计了超级电容组的串联配置数量和并联配置数量。建立了列车、整流机组和储能装置模型,并在此基础上设计了储能装置中斩波电路的控制策略,实现储能装置在列车制动过程中能量的储存功能和牵引过程中能量的释放功能;最后以PWM整流器的功率源模式作为列车模拟源,模拟列车的牵引过程和制动过程,通过试验验证了斩波电路的控制策略和超级电容组的充放电特性,结果表明该储能方案的斩波电路控制策略和电容组容量配置方案满足要求。

Supercapacitor energy storage devices are used to realize the regenerative braking energy absorption functions in rail transit projects.These devices can be effectively used to solve the problem that the inverter feedback-type energy-saving device transmits the regenerative energy to the 110-kV main substation.Based on the train operation parameters in the actual project,mechanical and electrical analyses of the train-braking process are conducted.Further,an overall designs scheme of the energysaving device with capacitor energy storage is proposed.The energy-storage-type energy-saving device includes a two-way chopper and a supercapacitor bank.The main circuit of the chopper adopts a staggered parallel two-way buck-boost circuit,and the supercapacitor bank adopts a series and parallel scheme.According to the voltage and current requirements of the energy storage device,several series and parallel configurations are designed for a supercapacitor bank.Based on the train model,rectifier unit,and energy storage device,a control strategy is designed for the chopper circuit in the energy storage device to realize energy storage during train braking and energy release during traction.Finally,the pulse-width modulator rectifier in its power-source mode is used as the train simulation source to simulate the traction and braking processes of the train.The control strategy of the chopper circuit and the charging and discharging characteristics of the supercapacitor are verified through experiments.Results show that the control strategy of the chopper circuit and the capacity configuration scheme of the power bank of the energy storage scheme satisfy the requirements of the source device.