基于遥感技术的郑汴地区湿地景观变化研究

Remote sensing changes of wetland landscape in Zhengbian area

为研究郑汴地区湿地景观变化,以遥感和GIS为技术依托,采用1992年、2002年、2013年3期Landsat影像数据结合郑汴地区湿地景观的区域特征,通过景观蔓延度指数、景观形状指数、香浓多样性指数、斑块连接度指数等空间格局指数的分析,系统研究了郑汴地区湿地景观的演变。结果表明:1992-2013年的近二十年间,郑汴地区河渠景观、滩地景观和库塘景观三大湿地景观面积总体上呈现出减小趋势,且减小幅度较大。景观格局动态变化表现为景观香浓多样性指数有小幅度增大。从景观形状指数上看,河渠景观和库塘景观下降,滩地景观略有上升,总体来看研究区景观形状指数呈上升趋势,景观几何形状趋向规则。蔓延度指数较小,景观呈多要素密集格局。自然变化特别是人类干扰对于郑汴地区湿地景观变化有重大影响。

In order to study the changes of the wetland landscape in Zhengbian area,this research relies on remote sensing and GIS as the technology,and uses the Landsat image data of three periods in 1992,2002,and 2013 in combination with the regional characteristics of the wetland landscape in Zhengbian area to systematically study the evolution of the wetland landscape in Zhengbian area by analyzing the spatial pattern indexes such as Shannon's diversity index,patch connectivity index,etc.The results showed that in the past two decades from 1992 to 2013,the three wetland landscape areas including the river canal landscape,beach landscape and reservoir pond landscape in Zhengbian area showed a decreasing trend in general,and the reduction range was large.The dynamic change of landscape pattern is manifested by a slight increase in the landscape Shannon's diversity index.From the perspective of landscape shape index,the landscape of river canals and reservoir ponds declined,and the landscape of beaches increased slightly.In general,the landscape shape index of the study area showed an upward trend,and the landscape geometry tended to be regular.The spread index is small,and the landscape presents a multi-element dense pattern.Natural change,especially human disturbance,has a significant impact on the wetland landscape change in Zhengbian area.