安徽省农村老年人群慢性病患病情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors among the elderly in Anhui province

目的:调查分析安徽省农村老年人群慢性病患病情况与慢性病相关行为,为农村地区慢性病预防及干预提供依据。方法:采用分层整群多阶段抽样方法,抽取皖北、皖西、皖南三个地区,再从每个地区选取5个行政村,每个行政村调查样本不少于100人,共抽取1781名60周岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查。结果:调查对象慢性病患病率为82.5%,14种慢性病患病率由高到低排名前三的为高血压、关节炎或风湿病、血脂异常,其中男女性群体患病率最高的均为高血压。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、文化程度、职业、居住状况、主动吸烟、被动吸烟频率、饮酒、锻炼种类、锻炼频率及父母是否健在老年人的慢性病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,基本没有被动吸烟、吸烟(曾经戒过)、被动吸烟频率1~2天/周,锻炼种类0~2种、父亲健在为安徽省老年人常见慢性病患病的危险因素(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:安徽省农村地区老年人心血管病、骨关节病慢性病患病率较高,应针对相关行为制定慢性病防治策略,提高老年人的生存质量。

Objective:To investigate and analyze the prevalence of chronic disease and chronic disease related behavior in rural elderly population in Anhui province for providing a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of chronic disease.Methods:A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used for the survey.Northern Anhui,Western Anhui and Southern Anhui regions were selected,five administrative villages were sampled from each region,and no less than 100 people were surveyed from each administrative village.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1781 elderly people aged 60 years and above.Results:In this survey,the prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 82.5%.The prevalence rate of 14 kinds of chronic diseases from high to low:the top three were hypertension,arthritis or rheumatism and abnormal blood lipids,and the prevalence of hypertension was the highest among male and female groups.The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences of the gender,education degree,occupation,residence status,active or passive smoking frequency,alcohol consumption,exercise type,exercise frequency,and parens healthy were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that no passive smoking,smoking(once quit),passive smoking frequency for 1-2 days each week,0-2 exercise types and father alive were the risks of common chronic diseases among the elderly(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and osteoarthropathy are relatively high among the elderly in rural areas of Anhui province.The prevention and treatment strategies of chronic diseases should be developed according to relevant behaviors to improve the quality of life of the elderly.