营养基质在林业育苗中的应用研究

Application of Nutrient Substrates in Forestry Seedling Production

为探明营养基质在林业育苗中的应用效果,以健壮无病害的1年生榆叶梅和花叶海棠苗木为研究对象,以花生壳、菇渣、珍珠岩为营养基质,研究了不同基质配比对花叶海棠和榆叶梅幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:基质栽培可显著提高林木幼苗的成活率,增加幼苗的高、径和冠幅的生长量,其中以花生壳∶菇渣∶珍珠岩=2∶3∶1(V/V)的T4处理效果最佳,花叶海棠的成活率增加了7.55%,株高增量为13.83 cm,地径增量为0.63 cm,冠幅增量最大,为10.97 cm;榆叶梅的成活率增加了11.01%,株高增量为13.60 cm,地径增量为0.75 cm,冠幅增量为10.28 cm,与对照处理相比差异达到显著水平。确定花生壳∶菇渣∶珍珠岩=2∶3∶1(V/V)为最佳基质配比,可在林木育苗中应用推广。

In order to study the application of nutrient substrates in forestry seedling production,taking the healthy&disease-free 1-year-old Amygdalus friloba&Malus transitoria seedlings as the research objects,different proportions on growth of Malus transitoria&Amygdalus friloba seedlings were studied by taking Arachis hypogaea shells,mushroom substrate,and perlite as nutrient substrates.Result shows that substrate cultivation can significantly improve the survival rate of forestry seedlings,increase the growth of plant height,ground diameter&crown width of seedlings,in which the T4 treatment effect for Arachis hypogaea shell∶mushroom substrate∶perlite=2∶3∶1(V/V)is the optimal,the survival rate of Malus transitoria increase by 7.55%,the increment of plant height is 13.83 cm,the diameter The increment is 0.63 cm,the crown increment is up to 10.97 cm;the survival rate of Amygdalus friloba increase by 11.01%,the plant height increment is 13.60 cm,the ground diameter increment is 0.75 cm,the crown increment is not 10.28 cm,and the control compared with the treatment,the differences reach significant level.Arachis hypogaea shell:mushroom substrate:perlite=2∶3∶1(V/V)is the optimal substrate ratio,which can be applied&promoted in forest seedlings.