玉米苞叶性状与收获期子粒含水率相关性研究

Studies on the correlation between maize husk characters and grain moisture content at harvest

以14个不同熟性的玉米品种为试验材料,在3个密度(6.0万,7.5万,9.0万株·hm^-2)下系统分析了不同品种生长发育和干物质积累情况。在收获期测定了穗粒质量、干物质量、子粒的含水率和苞叶性状,并对其进行了相关分析。结果表明,玉米苞叶质量、苞叶层数、苞叶长、苞叶宽和苞叶面积等性状在不同品种和种植密度间差异达极显著水平;种植密度与品种互作对苞叶质量、苞叶宽和苞叶面积的影响达极显著水平,对其他性状影响不显著;子粒含水率与苞叶含水率、苞叶层数达到极显著正相关,与苞叶宽度呈显著正相关。在进行适宜子粒机收的品种筛选时,除产量和子粒含水率外,应注意选择苞叶层数较少、苞叶宽度较小和含水率较低的品种。

The growth and development and dry matter accumulation of different maize varieties were systematically analyzed under 3 densities(6.0×10^4,7.5×10^4,and 9.0×10^4 plants·hm^-2)by using 14 maize varieties of different maturity period as experimental materials.Grain mass per ear(GM),dry mass per plant(DM),grain moisture content(GMC)and husk character were measured and analyzed at harvest.The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in the husk characters such as husk mass,husk layers,husk length,husk width and areas among different planting densities and varieties.The effects of planting density and variety interaction on husk mass,husk width and areas reached an extremely significant level,but the effects on other traits were not significant.The GMC was extremely significant positively correlated with the husk moisture content(HMC)and husk layers,and positively correlated with the husk width.In the selection of maize varieties suitable for grain mechanical harvesting,attention should be paid to the varieties with fewer husks,smaller husk width and lower HMC besides grain yield and GMC.