基于有限元法的大豆种子碰撞模拟分析

Simulation collision analysis of soybean seed based on finite element method

针对大豆种子在脱粒过程中与脱粒机械部件碰撞导致其机械性损伤而影响出苗的问题,基于合农60品种参数统计的结果,利用有限元法模拟大豆种子的碰撞过程,分析其内部应力分布与位移形变随时间的变化。首先,通过全因素试验分析碰撞速度及接触半径对最大应力及最大位移的影响。结果表明,在信度水平为0.01时,对于最大应力和最大位移试验指标,接触半径和碰撞速度两因素对其影响都极显著;其次,研究了不同大豆种子体积对最大应力及最大位移的影响。在长度、宽度和厚度方向的撞击过程中,随着大豆种子体积的增大,撞击过程中最大应力都呈现先增大再减小的趋势;随着大豆种子体积的增大,撞击过程中最大位移都呈现线性增大的趋势。

In view of the problem that mechanical damage of soybean seeds caused by the collision with mechanical components during the threshing process affects the seedling emergence,based on the statistical results of the parameters of Henong 60 variety,the finite element method was used to simulate the collision process of soybean seeds,and the changes of internal stress distribution and displacement deformation with time were analyzed.Firstly,the influence of collision velocity and contact radius on maximum stress and maximum displacement was analyzed by full factor test.The results showed that when the reliability level was 0.01,the contact radius and the collision velocity had significant influence on the maximum stress and maximum displacement test indexes.Secondly,the effects of different soybean seed volumes on maximum stress and maximum displacement were studied.It was found that during the impact in the direction of length,width and thickness,the maximum stress increased first and then decreased with the increase of soybean seed volume.With the increase of soybean seed volume,the maximum displacement increased linearly during the impinging process.