急性早幼粒细胞白血病化疗患者并发症的护理分析及对策

Nursing countermeasures for the complications in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy

目的:探讨急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)患者化疗常见并发症的发生率及护理对策。方法:回顾性分析芜湖市第二人民医院血液科2013年12月~2019年7月共57例APL患者化疗的病例资料,分析其并发症的发生率及护理对策。结果:57例患者发生维甲酸综合征3例次(5.2%)、骨髓抑制7例次(12.2%)、并发感染6例次(10.5%);化学性静脉炎发生率0%;心脏毒性2例次(3.5%);肝功能异常2例次(3.5%);过敏性反应1例次(1.8%);结论:化疗前进行良好的医护和患者之间的沟通,动态评估患者病情变化,可有效降低患者相关并发症的发生率,出现相应并发症后的针对性护理和良好的医护配合,可提高患者对相应并发症的耐受性,缓解患者的心理压力和在疾病治疗上建立信心,有利于改善患者疾病的预后效果。

Objective:To investigate the common complications in patients of acute promyelocytic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy and the nursing strategies.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed concerning the complications and nursing measures in 57 cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia undergone chemotherapy in Hematology Department of Wuhu No.2 People′s Hospital between December 2013 and July 2019.Results:In the 57 cases or events,retinoic acid syndrome occurred in 3(5.2%),myelosuppression in 7(12.2%)and infection in 6(10.5%).No chemical phlebitis occurred(0%).Cardiotoxicity was seen in 2 cases(3.5%),liver dysfunctionin 2(3.5%)and allergic reaction in one(1.8%).Conclusion:Good communication between medical providers and patients before chemotherapy,dynamic evaluation on the change of patient's condition,targeted care following occurrence of corresponding complications and better coordination of nurses with physicians can effectively improve the tolerance of patients against the related complications,relieve the mental pressure of patients and improve the prognosis of this condition.