煤炭资源有偿使用增效减排了吗?——基于SBM-DID的实证研究

Has Paid Use of Coal Resources Increased Efficiency and Reduced Emissions?——Empirical Research Based on SBM-DID

2006年9月,我国开展了深化煤炭资源有偿使用制度改革试点工作,旨在加强煤矿矿山环境保护,促进煤炭工业健康发展。基于DEA模型构建了包含非期望产出的煤炭资源利用效率的SBM模型,利用2000-2017年我国30个省份的面板数据,采用DID方法评估了煤炭资源有偿使用政策对试点省份煤炭资源利用效率和煤炭的碳排放强度的影响,并通过PSM-DID、协变量的DID、反事实和改变窗口期的方法进行了稳健性检验和影响机制分析。结果表明:煤炭资源有偿使用政策显著提高了试点地区的煤炭资源利用效率和碳排放强度。同时,影响机制分析表明,政策效果主要是通过改变产业结构,促使生产企业的技术升级来达到的。

In September 2006,the state launched a pilot program to deepen the reform of the paid use of coal resources,aimed at strength-ening the environmental protection of coal mines and promoting the healthy development of the coal industry.Based on the DEA model,this pa-per built an SBM model containing coal resource utilization efficiency of undesirable output;then based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017,by using the DID method to evaluate the coal resource utilization policy of coal resources in the pilot provinces,the efficien-cy and the impact of coal′s carbon emission intensity.By using PSM-DID,DID of covariates,counterfactuals,and methods,this paper changed the window period for robustness testing and analysis of the impact mechanism.The results showed that:This policy has significantly improved coal resource utilization efficiency and carbon emission intensity in the pilot areas.Analysis of the impact mechanism showed that the policy ef-fect was mainly achieved by changing the industrial structure and promoting the technological upgrading of production enterprises.