基于生态当量的重点生态功能区贫困县生态承载力评价——以湘西自治州各市县为例

Evaluation of Ecological Carrying Capacity of Poverty-stricken Counties in Key Ecological Functional Areas Based on Ecological Equivalence——Taking Cities and Counties in Xiangxi Prefecture as an Example

基于生态足迹理论,对2013-2018年湘西州各县市生态足迹、生态承载力、生态赤字/盈余进行计算和分析。结果表明:①除古丈县外,湘西州人均生态足迹总体变化幅度较小,其中龙山县、凤凰县人均生态足迹相对较低。②人均生态承载力变化幅度较大,总体呈上升-下降-上升的趋势,2015年出现峰值。③生态足迹、生态承载力存在显著县域差异,导致生态赤字(盈余)空间分布不平衡。④万元GDP生态足迹总体呈减少趋势,表明资源利用效率和经济效率不断提高。研究结果可为湘西州重点生态功能区贫困县实现生态经济协调发展提供参考。

Based on the ecological footprint theory,the ecological footprint,ecological capacity,ecological deficit and surplus of cities and counties in Xiangxi Prefecture from 2013 to 2018 is calculated and analyzed.The results showed that:①Except for Guzhang County,the overall change in ecological footprint per capita in the cities and counties was small,and the ecological footprint per capita of Longshan County and Fenghuang County was relatively low.②The ecological capacity per capita had a large change,generally showing a trend of rising,descending and finally rising.The peak of it lied in 2015.③As for ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity,significant difference existed among counties.This inbalanced the spatial distribution of the ecological deficit(or surplus).④The ecological footprint of GDP tended to decrease,in-dicating the increase of its resource utilization efficiency and economic efficiency.Feasible suggestions were proposed accordingly,to achieve co-ordinated development of ecology and economy,for the poverty-stricken counties in the key ecological function area of Xiangxi.