山地城镇教育设施的网络结构特征及空间格局演变——以重庆市万州区为例

Network structure characteristics and spatial pattern evolution of educational facilities in mountainous towns:a case study of Wanzhou District of Chongqing

为探究山地城镇教育设施网络结构及其空间格局的演变特征,以重庆市万州区为例,运用复杂网络分析方法,构建多时段教育设施协作网络模型,计算其强度分布、网络密度、节点强度、网络腹地等指标,反映网络整体性、层级性、核心设施职能结构。结果表明:1)网络整体空间格局由“一核多翼”向“多核多翼”演变;2)不同层级教育设施呈现出“整体破碎-局部集聚”的空间分布格局;3)核心设施职能分为“结对帮扶型”和“集团核心型”,“结对帮扶型”设施网络腹地受空间距离制约较小,而“集团核心型”设施网络腹地受空间距离制约显著。基于此,结合区位、政策、设施功能等空间格局的影响因素,提炼设施空间格局演变模式,并对规划取向进行探讨。

In order to explore the evolution of the network structure and spatial pattern of educational facilities in mountainous cities and towns,taking Wanzhou District of Chongqing,China as a case study,using complex network analysis methods to construct collaboration network models of multi-period educational facilities,we calculate their degree distribution,network density,node strength,and network hinterland.Indicators such as the network hinterland reflect the integrity of the network,the level of hierarchy,and the functional structure of the core facilities.The research shows that:1)the overall spatial pattern of the network evolves from“one core and many wings”to“multi-core and multi-wing”;2)influenced by multiple factors such as policies,facility functions,location,etc.,different levels of educational facilities appear to be“overall crushing-local agglomeration”in spatial distribution;3)core facility functions are divided into“pair-assisted type”and“group core type”,and the“pair-assisted type”facility network hinterland is less restricted by space distance,while the“group core type”facility network hinterland is subject to space,namely,the distance limit is obvious.Based on this,combined with the influence mechanism of spatial pattern,this research refines the evolution pattern of educational facility spatial pattern and discusses the planning orientation.