高校经济困难学生贫困认知的质性研究——基于可行能力理论视角的分析

A Qualitative Study on the Poverty Cognition of Poor College Students:An Analysis Based on the Theory of Feasible Ability

采用质性研究方法,借鉴福利社会学中的可行能力理论,对高校经济困难学生进行了半结构化的深度访谈。研究发现,贫困生的家庭致贫类型可分为累积型和突发型两种;贫困生在处理贫困问题时表现出了积极抗争和消极适应两种应对方式。根据上述条件,可将贫困生分为四种不同的类型:累积型贫困家庭中积极抗争的贫困生;累积型贫困家庭中消极适应的贫困生;突发型贫困家庭中积极抗争的贫困生;突发型贫困家庭中消极适应的贫困生。针对不同类型的贫困生,需要从物质、心理、能力以及机会四个方面进行不同侧重的帮扶。

In order to make a thick description of how poor college students experience,cope with and view poverty based on their subjective experience,this study uses the theory of feasible ability in welfare sociology for reference and adopts the narrative research paradigm to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with poor college students.Based on the analysis and summary of interview data,this study divides two types of family poverty:cumulative type and sudden type.Poor college students show two coping styles:active struggle and negative adaptation when dealing with poverty.Finally,this study proposes that for different types of poor college students,different emphasis should be placed on material,mentality,ability and opportunity.Poverty of poor college students also indirectly reflects the influence of social structure factors on individual life.