高龄与非高龄妊娠糖尿病孕妇的临床特征及母婴结局的比较

Comparison of clinical features and maternal-neonatal outcomes in advanced and non-advanced age pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的比较高龄与非高龄妊娠糖尿病(GDM)孕妇的临床特征及母婴结局。方法回顾性分析45例高龄GDM孕妇(观察组)和80例非高龄GDM孕妇(对照组)的临床资料。比较两组孕妇的临床资料、妊娠结局及新生儿结局。结果观察组孕妇孕期体重增长、血糖控制不佳率,剖宫产、产后出血、羊水过多、胎膜早破、妊娠高血压发生率,以及新生儿低血糖、巨大儿、窒息发生率均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论与非高龄GDM孕妇相比,高龄GDM孕妇具有孕期体重增长多、更易出现血糖控制不佳等特点,不良妊娠及新生儿结局的发生率更高。临床工作中应当加强对高龄GDM孕妇的风险评估及管理。

Objective To compare clinical features and maternal-neonatal outcomes between advanced and non-advanced age pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods The clinical data of 45 advanced age pregnant women with GDM(observation group)and 80 non-advanced age pregnant women with GDM(control group)were analyzed retrospectively.The maternal clinical data,pregnancy outcome and neonatal outcome were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to the control group,the observation group possessed more gestational weight gain,elevated rate of poor blood glucose control,higher incidence rates of cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage,excess amniotic fluid,premature rupture of membranes and gestational hypertension,as well as higher incidence rates of neonatal hypoglycemia,macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia(all P<0.05).Conclusion By comparison with non-advanced age pregnant women with GDM,advanced age pregnant women with GDM are featured by more gestational weight gain and being more likely to have poor blood glucose control,and obtain higher incidence rates of poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.In clinical practice risk assessment and management should be strengthened in the advanced age pregnant women with GDM.