辛克莱·刘易斯对海明威叙事艺术的深刻影响——以《老人与海》艺术技巧的重释为例

Sinclair Lewis’Powerful Influence on Hemingway’s Narrative Art:In the Case of Reinterpretation of The Old Man and the Sea

中西文学界一直忽略辛克莱·刘易斯对欧内斯特·海明威的深刻影响。在《老人与海》中,海明威成功模仿了其前辈刘易斯小说《巴比特》中的"肖像化"叙事艺术,将叙事成分与人物素描结合起来,用主人公老人坚强——柔弱的矛盾特性推动叙事张力的进程,诉诸人类的渺小与强大,展现老人硬在坚韧精神、胜在智慧策略的"硬汉子"特征。

Chinese and western literary circles have ignored Sinclair Lewis’powerful influence on Ernest Hemingway.In The Old Man and the Sea,Hemingway imitates successfully Lewis’"portraiture narrative"strategy in Babbitt,which connects the elements of the narrative and the character sketch,applies the protagonist(the Old Man)’s contradictory characteristics of the strong-weak to driving the process of narrative tension,resorts to humanity’s smallness and powerfulness,and shows the Old Man’s"the dauntless man"image characterized by perseverance and wise strategy.