网络词“姿势”的语义泛化

The Semantic Extension of the Network Word“Posture”

"姿势"在《现代汉语词典》(第7版)中指身体呈现的样子,用于网络语境中可以与"打开""正确"等词进行语义搭配,其意义发生了改变且出现了语义的泛化。网络词"姿势"的意义为"为完成某事使用或进行的方式",经历了主体由[+生命体]泛化为[-生命体]、范围由[+动作]泛化为[+行为/事件]、语义类属由[+样子]泛化为[+方式]的语义泛化路径。"姿势"所依附的主体和限定范围等语义特征都发生了改变,指称对象也由具体变得抽象。这种语义上的泛化,在认知视角下,是从典型向非典型、从范畴的中心向边缘移动的隐喻转化。

"Posture"is interpreted in Modern Chinese Dictionary(7 th Edition)as the appearance of the body.However,in the network context,"posture"can be used to match semantically with the words"open"and"correct".Thus the meaning of"posture"has changed and semantic extension has appeared.The meaning of the network word"posture"is"the way to use or proceed to accomplish something",and it has undergone changes in the subject of meaning,limited scope and semantic genre.The meaning subject has extended from[+life]to[-life],the limited scope has extended from[+action]to[+behavior/event]and semantic generics has extended from[+look]to[+method].In summary,the semantic features,such as the subject and limited scope,attached to"posture"have changed,and the referential object has also changed from concrete to abstract.From the cognitive perspective,the semantic extension is a metaphorical transformation that moves from typical to atypical,from the center of the category to the edge.