枇杷叶不同组分提取物在多种疾病中的作用及机制研究

Exploring the Impact of Multi-Component Extracts from Loquat Leaves on Different Disorders

目的提取枇杷叶中的多糖、黄酮和三萜酸,并分别研究其在抗炎、抗氧化和抗肿瘤中的药理活性。方法通过水提醇沉法提取多糖,醇沉上清液用于黄酮的富集,水提的残渣经90%乙醇回流提取三萜酸。通过Western blot检测枇杷叶多糖对TGF-β1干预的小鼠系膜细胞中PAI-1表达的影响,观察枇杷叶中的黄酮成分对ABTS自由基的清除作用评价其抗氧化活性;MTT法检测枇杷叶中三萜酸对骨髓瘤细胞ARP1增殖的影响,并通过ARP1细胞小鼠异种移植模型观察三萜酸对皮下肿瘤生长的影响。结果枇杷叶中多糖、黄酮、三萜酸的含量分别为19.53、48.70、7.86 g/kg。枇杷叶多糖可以抑制PAI-1表达,黄酮浓度在75~150μg/mL对ABTS自由基具有良好的清除作用,三萜酸可以抑制骨髓瘤细胞ARP1的增殖,IC50为11.57μg/mL。此外,三萜酸对异种移植小鼠皮下肿瘤的生长具有一定的抑制作用。结论枇杷叶中多糖可能对肾炎具有一定的治疗作用,黄酮和三萜酸具有一定的抗氧化和抗肿瘤的作用。为枇杷叶的进一步开发利用提供有利的实验基础。

OBJECTIVE To extract polysaccharides,flavonoids and triterpene acids from Loquat leaves and evaluate their anti-inflammatory,antioxidant and anti-tumor activities,respectively.METHODS The polysaccharides were prepared by water extraction and ethanol precipitation.The supernatant after ethanol precipitation was used for the enrichment of flavonoids,and residues after water extraction were collected to extract triterpene acids with 90%ethanol reflux extraction.The effect of Loquat leaf polysaccharides on the expression of PAI-1 in TGF-β1-treated murine mesangial cells was detected by Western blot.The antioxidant activity of flavonoids was evaluated by ABTS radical scavenging assay.The effect of triterpene acids on the proliferation of myeloma cell line(ARP1)was examined by MTT assay and the weight of subcutaneous mouse tumors.RESULTS The results showed that the contents of polysaccharides,flavonoids and triterpene acids were 19.53,48.70,7.86 g/kg.The polysaccharides could inhibit the expression of PAI-1 in TGF-β1-treated murine mesangial cells.The flavonoids showed an antioxidant activity at the concentration of 75-150μg/mL.The IC50 value of total triterpene acids on ARP1 cells was 11.57μg/mL,and it could inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumors in mice.CONCLUSION Polysaccharides have therapeutic effects on nephritis.Flavonoids and triterpene acids possess anti-oxidation and anti-tumor effects,respectively.Our findings provide supporting evidence for further utilization of Loquat leaves.