头孢菌素类抗生素的不良反应与预防分析

Analysis of adverse reactions and prevention of cephalosporin antibiotics

目的:探讨头孢菌素类抗生素的不良反应及其有效预防措施。方法:选取2019年1—12月应用头孢菌素类药物进行治疗的60例患者作为研究对象。根据有无出现不良反应,分为两组。出现不良反应的30例为观察组,无不良反应的30例为对照组。回顾性分析临床资料,总结头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应类型、特点,并分析预防措施。结果:恶心呕吐、皮肤瘙痒及皮疹、呼吸困难、头晕头痛是头孢菌素类抗生素的主要不良反应;头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应与过敏体质、有过敏史、情绪波动、饮食不规律等因素有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:过敏体质、有过敏史、情绪波动、饮食不规律可提高头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应发生率,临床应用头孢菌素类抗生素,应加强对上述因素的筛查,确保用药安全。

Objective:To explore the adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics and their effective preventive measures. Methods:Sixty patients treated with cephalosporins from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. According to the presence or absence of adverse reactions,60 patients were divided into 2 groups. The 30 patients with adverse reactions were the observation group,and the 30 patients without adverse reactions were the control group. The clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed,the types and characteristics of adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics were summarized,and their preventive measures were analyzed.Results:Nausea and vomiting,itching and rash on the skin,dyspnea,and dizziness and headache were the main adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics;adverse reactions of cephalosporin antibiotics were related to allergies,history of allergies,mood swings,irregular diet,etc The difference was statistically significant(P <0.05). Conclusion:Allergies,history of allergies,mood swings,and irregular diet can increase the incidence of adverse reactions to cephalosporin antibiotics. When clinically applying cephalosporin antibiotics,screening of the above factors should be strengthened to ensure that Medication safety.