现代主义与当代主义——从福柯的视角看

Modernism and Contemporaneism——From Michel Foucault’s Perspective

广义的现代主义包含古典主义和狭义的现代主义,即早期现代主义和后期现代主义。现代性是现代主义的实质,但需要区分早期现代性和后期现代性。后现代性是后现代主义的核心,而后现代主义应被视为当代主义的一部分。从福柯的视角看,1960年代以来的西方哲学可以被命名为具有当代性特征的当代主义。现代性反思和当代性描述共同构成了当代主义。这意味着思维的空间模式优先于时间模式,表明了异托邦思维对乌托邦思维的取代,阐明了三维时间中的现在优先于过去和未来,说明了观念性最终让位于物质性。

Generalized modernismincludes classicalism and specialized modernism,namely,early modernism and late modernism.Modernity is the essence of modernism,but it is necessary to distin⁃guish between early modernity and late modernity.Post-modernity is the keynote of post-modernism and the latter should be regarded as a part of contemporanism.Western philosophy since 1960s could be namedcontemporanism with the characteristics of contemporaneity from Foucault’s viewpoint.To⁃gether,the reflection of modernity and the description of contemporaneity constitute Contemporan⁃ism.This means that the spatial mode of thinking has precedence over the temporal one,that the heterotopian thinking takes the place of utopian thinking,that the present has precedence over the past and the future in the three dimensions of time andthat idealityfinally has to take the second place of materiality.