全球价值链嵌入企业转型升级研究述评

A Review on Research of Enterprise Transformation and Upgrading in Global Value Chains

发展中国家企业主要嵌入在全球价值链的低端环节上,如何推动它们从低端嵌入环节向中高端嵌入环节迁移?全球价值链理论以及战略管理理论、技术创新理论、企业能力理论虽然开发了丰富的概念工具箱,如产业升级、价值链攀升、战略转型、组织转型、技术升级与追赶、能力升级等,目前还没有将其联系起来。作为多个理论的交叉领域,有关全球价值链嵌入条件下企业转型升级的研究正在尝试跨学科整合,但尚未形成体系化的理论。本文搜集并梳理了国内外有关文献,围绕全球价值链嵌入企业转型升级的概念界定、路径选择、低端锁定、影响因素、结果测量、作用机制等问题进行系统评析,并展望未来的研究方向,期望能为进一步的学术探讨提供引导与启发。

Firms in developing countries often play a secondary role as low-cost producers and suppliers in global value chains during the past decades.How do they catch up and re-embed into the higher value-added activities in global value chains?Although extant literature including global value chain theory,strategic management theory,technology innovation theory and corporate capacity theory has developed a toolbox consisting of industrial upgrading,strategy transformation,organizational transformation,technology upgrading and catch-up,capacity upgrading and the like,they are mainly based on separated theories.As a result,the whole process of enterprise transformation and upgrading in global value chains has been disintegrated and under-explored,awaiting a merger of cross disciplinary efforts.Through systematically collecting and reviewing existing literature both in Chinese and in English,this paper delineates the underlying conception,makes a synthetic review on path selection,low-end locking,influential factors,outcome measurements and influence mechanisms,and points out the future theoretical issues centering on enterprise transformation and upgrading in global value chains.The review provides guidelines and enlightenment on this emerging research topic that has shown high reference to Chinese local firms.