基于“竞争中性”原则的国有企业分类改革

“Competition Neutrality”Principle and Classified Reform of State-owned Enterprises

国企分类是推进竞争中性原则的基础与前提。但由于部分国企功能错位、国有资本布局不合理,导致以利润最大化为主要目标的竞争性国企经济效益相对较低,而本该以社会功能为首要目标的公益性垄断性国企却追求经济利益、经济效益反倒较高的反常现象。需要通过分类改革,明确国企功能定位,对国企商业性业务推进竞争中性原则,提升竞争性国企内在效率和经济效益水平。加快产权改革步伐,将国资主要集中于关系国计民生的战略性和公益性行业,实现非竞争性国企的公益性功能。

The classification of state-owned enterprises is the basis and premise of promoting the neutrality principle of competition.However,due to the dislocation of state-owned enterprises’functions and unreasonable distribution of state-owned capital,the economic benefits of the competitive state-owned enterprises whose main goal is to maximize profits are relatively low,while the public welfare monopoly state-owned enterprises,which should recognize social functions as the primary goal,pursue economic benefits.It is necessary to clarify the functional orientation of state-owned enterprises through the classified reforms,promote the principle of competition neutrality for commercial business of state-owned enterprises,and improve the internal efficiency and economic efficiency of competitive state-owned enterprises.It is necessary to accelerate the property rights reform,concentrate state-owned assets on strategic and public welfare industries that are related to the national economy and people’s livelihood,and realize the public welfare function of non-competitive state-owned enterprises.