由面到点:教育扶贫政策的中国经验

From Surface to Point: China’s Experience in Education Poverty Alleviation Policy

教育扶贫是破解贫困问题的根本手段,在助力国家脱贫攻坚中发挥着重要作用。新中国成立以来,我国教育扶贫政策历经以"面"为主的"普惠式"扶贫、"面线"结合的"多维式"扶贫、"线点"结合的"专项式"扶贫、以"点"为主的"精准式"扶贫四个阶段。扶贫方略由全国"面"上带动、区域的"面线、线点"协同推进,向以"点"为主的精准扶贫转变,并在扶贫理念、扶贫方略、扶贫方式等方面彰显了教育扶贫政策的成就,反映了教育扶贫政策的价值追求,是党和人民在教育扶贫方面的智慧结晶。新时期的教育扶贫政策要深度落实以人民为中心的政策理念,完善教育扶贫动态监测体系,搭建多维度立体式教育扶贫体系,提升解决新时代教育问题能力的精准性、高效性。

P overty alleviation through education is a fundamental means to solve the poverty problem,and plays an important role in helping the country fight poverty.Since the founding of new China,the policy of education poverty alleviation has gone through four stages:universal poverty alleviation,multi-dimensional poverty alleviation,specific poverty alleviation,targeted poverty alleviation.The poverty alleviation strategy is driven by the whole country,promoted by the regional"area and lines"in a coordinated way,and transformed into targeted poverty alleviation focusing on"points".It demonstrates the achievements of education poverty alleviation policies in terms of poverty alleviation concepts,strategies and methods,reflects the value pursuit of poverty alleviation policy through education,and is the wisdom crystallization of the Party and the people in education poverty alleviation.The education poverty alleviation policies in the new era should deeply implement the people-centered policy concept,improve the dynamic monitoring system of education poverty alleviation,build a multi-dimensional education poverty alleviation system,and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the ability to solve the educational problems in the new era.