东北方言谓词后缀“挺”

The Predicate Suffix“Ting”in the Northeast Dialect

“X挺”的谓词后缀用法广泛存在于整个东北方言区。从语义上看,“挺”的使用增加了消极的情感色彩;从语法角度看,“X挺”结构可受程度副词、指示代词修饰,可作谓语、宾语;从语用方面看,“X挺”多用于非正式场合的对话中。东北方言谓词后缀“挺”的形成受到三方面的影响:“挺”自身的演变,“挺”意义的不断虚化为“挺”由动词演变为谓词后缀提供可能;词汇化促使“挺”与不同词类的“X”结合,功能不断扩展,成为方言的常用谓词后缀;因语言接触,满语中的表“很、极”义的[t h n]借入到东北方言中,与挺的谓词后缀功能密合。最终,在三方面的共同作用下,“挺”的谓词后缀用法定型。

The usage of the predicate suffix“X Ting”is widespread in the northeast dialect area.Semantically,the use of“Ting”adds negative emotional color;from a grammatical perspective,the structure of“X Ting”can be modified by degree adverbs,demonstrative pronouns,and can be used as predicate or object;from a pragmatic perspective,“X Ting”Quite often used in informal conversations.The formation of the predicate suffix“Ting”in the northeast dialect is affected by three aspects:the evolution of“Ting”itself,the continuous fuzzification of the meaning of“Ting”provides the possibility of the evolution of“Ting”from the verb to the predicate suffix;“X”is combined and solidified into words;due to language contact,the“t”in the Manchu language“t h n”is borrowed into the northeast dialect,which has an external influence on“Ting”.In the end,under the joint effect of three aspects,the usage of the predicate suffix of“Ting”was finalized.