元丰改制与北宋太常寺建制的变迁

The reform of Yuanfeng and the change of the organizational system of Taichang Temple in the Northern Song Dynasty

北宋前期,中央机构繁复,因旧有寺监长期处于闲置状态,故在寺监外,增设新机构,太常寺与太常礼院、礼仪院并立,其重要职能被太常礼院和礼仪院所分,在北宋前期,仅掌社稷及武成王庙、诸坛、斋宫、习乐等职事。太常卿成为阶官的一种,没有特殊任命,不能到太常寺任职,太常寺的实际最高长官为判太常寺。元丰改制后,太常礼院职事罢废,太常寺开始专其职,太常寺职权由此得到恢复和扩大。北宋后期,太常寺统掌礼乐之事,凡大朝会、祭祀所用雅乐及器服,郊祀、宗庙、社稷、陵寝、牺牲、籍田、祠祀等,均得统管,其下辖机构也进行了相应调整。总体而言,北宋太常寺建制,以元丰改制为界,前后存在较大变化。

In the early Northern Song Dynasty,the central institutions were complicated.Because the former institutions had been idle for a long time,a new institution was added to the Taichang Temple.Taichang Temple existed together with Taichang Liyuan and Liyiyuan,whose important functions were shared among the three.In the early Northern Song Dynasty,Taichang Temple was only responsible for sacred ceremony,Wuchengwang Temple,Zhutan,Zhaigong,and Xiyue.Taichang Qing became a kind of rank officer and he could not take office in Taichang Temple without special appointment.The actual highest chief of Taichang Temple was Pan Taichang Temple.After Yuanfeng reform,Taichang Liyuan was abolished,and Taichang Temple began to take its full duties.The power of Taichang Temple was restored and expanded.In the late Northern Song Dynasty,Taichang Temple managed the rituals and music for all big royal meetings.Its subdivisions had been made corresponding changes.In general,the organizational system of Taichang Temple in the Northern Song Dynasty,with the Yuanfeng reform as the boundary,has undergone major changes.