吐蕃时期敦煌寺院的赋役探析

Analysis of the Dunhuang Temple Taxes in Tubo Period

中唐时期吐蕃统治下的敦煌,官方要求寺院缴纳官布、地子、税草、税柴等各种赋税,僧人还要承担烽役守边以及以各种名义如进献、助役等要求寺院承担的杂役或杂课税。为了世俗政权的生存,敦煌的僧人除了身份上是僧人,有重要佛教活动之外,实则与敦煌普通的百姓一样,成为缴纳赋税、承当徭役的重要群体之一。

The official in Dunhuang under the Tubo rule in the middle of Tang Dynasty required the temple to pay various taxes such as official cloth,land,tax grass,tax wood,etc.The monks also had to bear the garrison and guard the border,as well as the chores or miscellaneous taxes required by the monastery in various names such as contribution and assistance.In order to survive the secular regime,Dunhuang monks,apart from being monks in identity and having important Buddhist activities,in fact,like ordinary people in Dunhuang,had become one of the important groups to pay taxes and undertake servitude.