水铁矿对小麦和水稻种子萌发的影响

Effects of ferrihydrite on seed germination of wheat and rice

为比较水铁矿(HF)、螯合铁(CI)和硫酸亚铁(FS)3种铁素对小麦和水稻2种作物种子萌发的影响,利用小麦和水稻发芽试验,通过测定不同铁质量浓度(0 mg/L、10 mg/L、50 mg/L、100 mg/L、200 mg/L)下小麦和水稻种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、芽长和根长,比较HF、CI和FS对小麦和水稻种子发芽的影响。结果表明:与无添加铁的对照相比,低质量浓度(10 mg/L)HF处理显著提高了小麦种子的发芽率13.81%、活力指数20.07%、发芽指数17.12%、芽长6.47%和根长32.92%;高质量浓度(200 mg/L)的CI和FS处理降低了小麦种子的发芽指数和活力指数,抑制了芽和根的伸长量。3种铁素在低(10 mg/L)、中(50 mg/L)质量浓度时均显著地提高了水稻种子的发芽指数和活力指数,但对水稻发芽率无显著作用;高质量浓度FS处理对水稻种子发芽指数、根长和芽长产生抑制作用。其中,50 mg/L HF处理的水稻种子发芽指数和活力指数相比于对照分别提高了12.89%和103.24%,促进作用最为明显;200 mg/L FS处理的水稻种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数相比于对照分别降低了12.66%、62.5%和4.96%,抑制作用最为明显。可见,低质量浓度铁素浸种对小麦和水稻的种子萌发起到显著的促进作用,高质量浓度铁素浸种则有抑制作用,HF对小麦和水稻种子萌发的促进作用优于CI和FS。

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of ferrihydrite(HF),chelate iron(CI)and ferrous sulfate(FS)on seed germination of wheat and rice.The germination rate,germination index,vigor index,bud length and root length of wheat and rice seeds were measured under different iron contents(0 mg/L,10 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 200 mg/L).The results showed that the germination rate,vigor index,germination index,bud length and root length in the treatment of 10 mg/L HF were significantly increased by 13.81%,20.07%,17.12%,6.47%and 32.92%.High mass concentration(200 mg/L)of CI and FS reduced germination index and vigor index of wheat seeds and inhibited the elongation of buds and roots.For rice,the three iron treatments at low(10 mg/L)and medium(50 mg/L)mass concentrations significantly increased the germination index and vigor index of seeds,but had no significant effect on the germination rate.High mass concentration of FS inhibited germination index,root length and bud length of rice seeds.Compared with the control,germination index and vigor index of rice seeds in the treatment of 50 mg/L HF increased by 12.89%and 103.24%,while the germination rate,germination index and vigor index of rice seeds in the treatment of 200 mg/L FS decreased by 12.66%,62.5%and 4.96%.It can be seen that the seed germination of wheat and rice is significantly promoted by low mass concentration of iron,but inhibited by high mass concentration of iron.The promoting effect of HF on seed germination of wheat and rice is better than that of CI and FS.