植物蔗糖转运蛋白SUTs的生理功能及其调控研究进展

Recent Advances on the Physiological Functions and Control Mechanismsof Plant Sucrose Transporters

蔗糖是绿色植物光合固定产物储存和转运的主要形式,蔗糖从光合作用的源组织到非光合作用的库组织包括韧皮部装载、维管束运输和卸载三个过程。蔗糖转运蛋白(sucrose transporters,SUTs/SUCs)是广泛存在于植物中的一类跨膜蛋白,在蔗糖从源到库的长距离运输过程中起关键作用。植物蔗糖转运蛋白属于MFS(Major facilitator superfamily)基因超家族,分为两个跨膜区,中间由一个亲水胞质环隔开。了解蔗糖转运蛋白和蔗糖代谢相关酶的功能及调节对于提高农作物产量和促进可再生能源的生产至关重要。本研究阐述了近年来国内外对蔗糖转运蛋白的鉴定、生理功能和调控等方面的研究进展,有助于阐述蔗糖在植物体内的分配和运输机制。

Sucrose is the major form during the storage and transportation of photosynthetic fixed products in green plants.The transportation of sucrose from photosynthetic source tissue to non-photosynthetic sink tissue includes three processes:phloem loading,vascular transport and phloem unloading.Sucrose transporters(SUTs or SUCs)are trans-membrane proteins that are prevalent in plants,and play pivotal roles in mediating the long-distance sucrose transport from source to sink within plants.Plant sucrose transporters belong to the MFS(Major facilitator superfamily)gene superfamily and are divided into two transmembrane regions separated by a hydrophilic cytoplasmic loop.The knowledge of the physical roles and controlling mechanisms of sucrose transporters,as well as key enzymes in sucrose metabolism are important for improving crop yields and enhancing the generation of reproductive energy.In the present study,we reviewed recent progress in characterization,physical roles and regulation of sucrose transporters,the work would give aid to elucidate the mechanisms sucrose portioning and transport in plants.